What To Know
- Mallet finger is a common hand injury that occurs when the tendon that extends the tip of the finger is damaged.
- Acute mallet finger is typically treated with a splint or cast that keeps the finger in a straight position.
Mallet finger is a common hand injury that occurs when the tendon that extends the tip of the finger is damaged. This can happen when the finger is bent backwards suddenly, such as when it hits a hard object or is caught in a door.
Anatomy of the Finger
To understand how mallet finger happens, it’s important to know the anatomy of the finger. The finger is made up of three bones: the proximal phalanx, the middle phalanx, and the distal phalanx. The tendon that extends the tip of the finger is called the extensor tendon. It attaches to the distal phalanx at the base of the nail.
Mechanism of Injury
Mallet finger happens when the extensor tendon is damaged. This can happen when the finger is bent backwards suddenly, such as when it hits a hard object or is caught in a door. The sudden force can cause the tendon to tear or avulse (completely detach) from the bone.
Types of Mallet Finger
There are two main types of mallet finger:
- Acute mallet finger: This is the most common type of mallet finger. It occurs when the extensor tendon is completely torn or avulsed from the bone.
- Chronic mallet finger: This type of mallet finger occurs when the extensor tendon is partially torn or stretched. It can develop over time due to repetitive use of the finger.
Symptoms of Mallet Finger
The symptoms of mallet finger include:
- Pain at the tip of the finger
- Swelling
- Bruising
- Difficulty straightening the tip of the finger
Diagnosis of Mallet Finger
Mallet finger is diagnosed based on a physical examination. The doctor will ask about the mechanism of injury and examine the finger. The doctor may also order an X-ray to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment of Mallet Finger
The treatment for mallet finger depends on the severity of the injury. Acute mallet finger is typically treated with a splint or cast that keeps the finger in a straight position. The splint or cast is usually worn for 6-8 weeks.
Chronic mallet finger may be treated with a splint or cast, but it may also require surgery to repair the damaged tendon.
Complications of Mallet Finger
Most cases of mallet finger heal without any complications. However, there are some potential complications, including:
- Stiffness of the finger
- Deformity of the finger
- Recurrence of the injury
Prevention of Mallet Finger
There is no sure way to prevent mallet finger, but there are some things you can do to reduce your risk of developing this injury, such as:
- Wear gloves when playing sports or doing activities that could put your fingers at risk of injury.
- Avoid bending your fingers backwards suddenly.
- If you do injure your finger, seek medical attention as soon as possible.
When to See a Doctor
You should see a doctor if you have any of the symptoms of mallet finger. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to prevent complications.
Outlook for Mallet Finger
The outlook for mallet finger is generally good. Most cases heal without any complications. However, it is important to follow your doctor’s instructions for treatment to ensure the best possible outcome.
Answers to Your Most Common Questions
Q: What is the most common cause of mallet finger?
A: The most common cause of mallet finger is a sudden backward bending of the finger.
Q: How long does it take for mallet finger to heal?
A: Most cases of mallet finger heal within 6-8 weeks.
Q: Can mallet finger be prevented?
A: There is no sure way to prevent mallet finger, but there are some things you can do to reduce your risk, such as wearing gloves when playing sports or doing activities that could put your fingers at risk of injury.
Q: What is the treatment for mallet finger?
A: The treatment for mallet finger depends on the severity of the injury. Acute mallet finger is typically treated with a splint or cast that keeps the finger in a straight position. Chronic mallet finger may be treated with a splint or cast, but it may also require surgery to repair the damaged tendon.
Q: What are the complications of mallet finger?
A: The potential complications of mallet finger include stiffness of the finger, deformity of the finger, and recurrence of the injury.
